Monday, 26 December 2011

Mefren




Mefren may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Mefren



Chlorhexidine

Chlorhexidine digluconate (a derivative of Chlorhexidine) is reported as an ingredient of Mefren in the following countries:


  • Belgium

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (a derivative of Chlorhexidine) is reported as an ingredient of Mefren in the following countries:


  • Belgium

  • Luxembourg

International Drug Name Search

Saturday, 24 December 2011

olmesartan medoxomil


ol-me-SAR-tan me-DOX-oh-mil


Oral route(Tablet)

Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury or death to the developing fetus when used during the second and third trimesters. Stop therapy as soon as possible when pregnancy is detected .



Commonly used brand name(s)

In the U.S.


  • Benicar

Available Dosage Forms:


  • Tablet

Therapeutic Class: Cardiovascular Agent


Pharmacologic Class: Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist


Uses For olmesartan medoxomil


Olmesartan is used alone or together with other medicines to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). High blood pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. If it continues for a long time, the heart and arteries may not function properly. This can damage the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidneys, resulting in a stroke, heart failure, or kidney failure. High blood pressure also may increase the risk of heart attacks. These problems may be less likely to occur if blood pressure is controlled.


Olmesartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker. It works by blocking a substance in the body that causes blood vessels to tighten. As a result, olmesartan relaxes blood vessels. This lowers blood pressure and increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.


olmesartan medoxomil is available only with your doctor's prescription.


Before Using olmesartan medoxomil


In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For olmesartan medoxomil, the following should be considered:


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to olmesartan medoxomil or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Pediatric


Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of olmesartan in children.


Geriatric


Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of olmesartan in the elderly.


Pregnancy














Pregnancy CategoryExplanation
1st TrimesterCAnimal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.
2nd TrimesterDStudies in pregnant women have demonstrated a risk to the fetus. However, the benefits of therapy in a life threatening situation or a serious disease, may outweigh the potential risk.
3rd TrimesterDStudies in pregnant women have demonstrated a risk to the fetus. However, the benefits of therapy in a life threatening situation or a serious disease, may outweigh the potential risk.

Breast Feeding


There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.


Interactions with Medicines


Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking olmesartan medoxomil, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.


Using olmesartan medoxomil with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Benazepril

  • Enalapril

  • Enalaprilat

  • Lisinopril

  • Moexipril

  • Perindopril

  • Quinapril

  • Ramipril

  • Trandolapril

Using olmesartan medoxomil with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Bromfenac

  • Celecoxib

  • Diclofenac

  • Diflunisal

  • Etodolac

  • Fenoprofen

  • Flurbiprofen

  • Ibuprofen

  • Indomethacin

  • Ketoprofen

  • Ketorolac

  • Magnesium Salicylate

  • Meclofenamate

  • Mefenamic Acid

  • Meloxicam

  • Nabumetone

  • Naproxen

  • Nepafenac

  • Oxaprozin

  • Piroxicam

  • Salsalate

  • Sulindac

  • Tolmetin

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.


Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of olmesartan medoxomil. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Congestive heart failure or

  • Dehydration or

  • Hyponatremia (low sodium in the blood)—Use with caution. May cause side effects to become worse.

  • Kidney disease or

  • Liver disease—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of medicine from the body.

Proper Use of olmesartan medoxomil


Take olmesartan medoxomil only as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered.


In addition to taking olmesartan medoxomil, treatment for your high blood pressure may include weight control and a change in the foods you eat, especially foods high in sodium (salt). Your doctor will tell you which of these are most important for you. You should check with your doctor before changing your diet.


Many patients who have high blood pressure will not notice any signs of the problem. In fact, many may feel normal. It is very important that you take your medicine exactly as directed and that you keep your appointments with your doctor even if you feel well.


Remember that olmesartan medoxomil will not cure your high blood pressure, but it does help control it. You must continue to take it as directed if you expect to lower your blood pressure and keep it down. You might have to take high blood pressure medicine for the rest of your life. If high blood pressure is not treated, it can cause serious problems such as heart failure, blood vessel disease, stroke, or kidney disease.


olmesartan medoxomil may be taken with or without food.


Dosing


The dose of olmesartan medoxomil will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of olmesartan medoxomil. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


  • For oral dosage form (tablets):
    • For high blood pressure:
      • Adults—At first, 20 milligrams (mg) once a day. Your doctor may increase your dose as needed. However, the dose is usually not more than 40 mg once a day.

      • Children 6 to 16 years of age weighing 35 kilograms (kg) or more—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The dose is usually 20 to 40 milligrams once a day. If the child cannot swallow the tablets, an oral suspension is recommended.

      • Children 6 to 16 years of age weighing at least 20 kilograms (kg) and less than 35 kg—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The dose is usually 10 to 20 milligrams once a day. If the child cannot swallow the tablets, an oral suspension is recommended.

      • Children younger than 6 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.



Missed Dose


If you miss a dose of olmesartan medoxomil, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.


Storage


Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.


Keep out of the reach of children.


Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.


Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.


Precautions While Using olmesartan medoxomil


It is very important that your doctor check the progress of you or your child at regular visits to make sure olmesartan medoxomil is working properly. Blood tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.


Using olmesartan medoxomil while you are pregnant can harm your unborn baby. If you think you have become pregnant while using olmesartan medoxomil, tell your doctor right away.


Dizziness or lightheadedness may occur after the first dose of olmesartan medoxomil, especially if you have been taking a diuretic (water pill). Make sure you know how you react to olmesartan medoxomil before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy.


Check with your doctor right away if you or your child become sick while taking olmesartan medoxomil, especially with severe or continuing nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. These conditions may cause you to lose too much water, which can lead to low blood pressure.


Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting may also occur if you or your child exercise or if the weather is hot. Heavy sweating may cause you to lose too much water or salt, which may cause low blood pressure. Use extra care during exercise or hot weather.


Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This especially includes over-the-counter (nonprescription) medicines for appetite control, asthma, colds, cough, hay fever, or sinus problems, since they may tend to increase your blood pressure.


olmesartan medoxomil Side Effects


Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.


Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:


Less common
  • Body aches or pain

  • blood in the urine

  • chills

  • cough or cough producing mucus

  • difficulty with breathing

  • ear congestion

  • fever

  • headache

  • loss of voice

  • nasal congestion

  • runny nose

  • shortness of breath

  • sneezing

  • sore throat

  • tightness in the chest

  • unusual tiredness or weakness

  • wheezing

Rare
  • Bladder pain

  • bloody or cloudy urine

  • bloating or swelling of the face, arms, hands, lower legs, or feet

  • chest pain

  • difficult, burning, or painful urination

  • fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse

  • frequent urge to urinate

  • joint pain, stiffness, or swelling

  • large amount of fat in the blood

  • lower back, side, or stomach pain

  • swelling of the feet or lower legs

Incidence not known
  • Dark-colored urine

  • large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs

  • muscle cramps or spasms

  • muscle pain or stiffness

Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:


Symptoms of overdose
  • Blurred vision

  • chest pain or discomfort

  • confusion

  • dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness

  • sweating

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:


Less common
  • Abdominal or stomach pain

  • back pain

  • diarrhea

  • dizziness

  • dry mouth

  • flushed, dry skin

  • fruit-like breath odor

  • general feeling of discomfort or illness

  • increased hunger

  • increased thirst

  • increased urination

  • loss of appetite

  • muscle aches and pains

  • nausea

  • pain or tenderness around the eyes and cheekbones

  • shivering

  • tender, swollen glands in the neck

  • trouble sleeping

  • trouble with swallowing

  • troubled breathing

  • unexplained weight loss

  • vomiting

Rare
  • Acid or sour stomach

  • belching

  • difficulty with moving

  • feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings

  • heartburn

  • indigestion

  • rash

  • rapid weight gain

  • sensation of spinning

  • sleeplessness

  • swelling or puffiness of the face

  • tingling of the hands or feet

  • unusual weight gain or loss

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: olmesartan medoxomil side effects (in more detail)



The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.


The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.


More olmesartan medoxomil resources


  • Olmesartan medoxomil Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Olmesartan medoxomil Dosage
  • Olmesartan medoxomil Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Olmesartan medoxomil Drug Interactions
  • Olmesartan medoxomil Support Group
  • 69 Reviews for Olmesartan medoxomil - Add your own review/rating


Compare olmesartan medoxomil with other medications


  • High Blood Pressure
  • Migraine Prevention

Thursday, 22 December 2011

Benzonatate



Class: Antitussives
ATC Class: R05DB01
VA Class: RE302
CAS Number: 104-31-4
Brands: Tessalon


Special Alerts:


[Posted 12/14/2010] ISSUE: FDA is warning the public that accidental ingestion of benzonatate (Tessalon) by children under the age of 10 years can result in death from overdose. Overdose with benzonatate in children less than 2 years of age has been reported following accidental ingestion of as few as 1 or 2 capsules. Benzonatate may be attractive to children because of the drug's appearance (it is a round-shaped liquid-filled gelatin capsule).


BACKGROUND: Benzonatate is a prescription drug approved for relief of cough in patients over 10 years of age. The safety and effectiveness of benzonatate in children under 10 years of age have not been established. Benzonatate is sold under the brand-name Tessalon and is also sold in generic preparations. Individuals who experience overdose of benzonatate may exhibit restlessness, tremors, convulsions, coma, and cardiac arrest. Signs and symptoms of overdose can occur rapidly after ingestion (within 15-20 minutes). Deaths in children have been reported within hours of the accidental ingestion.


RECOMMENDATION: Patients who are taking benzonatate should keep the medication in a child-resistant container and store it out of reach of children. If a child accidentally ingests benzonatate, seek medical attention immediately. Signs and symptoms of benzonatate overdose can occur rapidly after ingestion (within 15-20 minutes) and may include restlessness, tremors, convulsions, coma, and cardiac arrest. For more information visit the FDA website at: and .



Introduction

Local anesthetic antitussive agent.a b


Uses for Benzonatate


Pending revision, the material in this section should be considered in light of more recently available information in the MedWatch notification at the beginning of this monograph.


Cough


Used for symptomatic relief of cough.100 101 106 108


May be effective in suppressing cough in acute respiratory conditions such as pneumonia, bronchitis, pertussis, and the common cold; and in chronic diseases such as pulmonary emphysema, bronchial asthma, tuberculosis, and pulmonary tumor.b


Has been shown to be more effective than codeine in reducing the frequency of experimentally induced cough,101 and may be effective in providing symptomatic relief in patients with opiate-resistant cough.108


Conscious Intubation


Has been applied locally in the oral cavity in adults by releasing the drug from the liquid-filled capsules (e.g., by chewing or dissolving two 100-mg liquid-filled capsules in the mouth) to provide sufficient oropharyngeal anesthesia for conscious intubation.107


Do not employ this method of administration when the drug is used as an antitussive because of the risk of potentially life-threatening complications resulting from local effects on the oropharyngeal tract.100 101 102 104 (See Sensitivity Reactions under Cautions and also Oral Administration under Dosage and Administration.)


Benzonatate Dosage and Administration


Administration


Oral Administration


Swallow the liquid-filled capsules whole.100 101 102


Do not chew or dissolve in the mouth when used as an antitussive, since temporary, potentially life-threatening local anesthesia of the oral mucosa, choking, or severe hypersensitivity reactions could occur; oropharyngeal anesthesia develops rapidly with such improper administration.100 101 102


Local administration (chewing the capsules or allowing to dissolve in mouth) can be employed to facilitate conscious intubation.103 107 (See Conscious Intubation under Uses.)


Dosage


Pediatric Patients


Pending revision, the material in this section should be considered in light of more recently available information in the MedWatch notification at the beginning of this monograph.


Cough

Oral

Children ≤10 years of age: 8 mg/kg daily in 3–6 divided doses,106 although safety and efficacy have not been established in this age group.100 (See Pediatric Use under Cautions.)


Children >10 years of age: 100 or 200 mg 3 times daily.100 101 106


Adults


Cough

Oral

100 or 200 mg 3 times daily;100 101 106 doses up to 600 mg daily may be given in divided doses if necessary.100 101 106


Prescribing Limits


Pediatric Patients


Cough

Oral

Children >10 years of age: Maximum 600 mg daily in divided doses.100 101 106


Adults


Cough

Oral

Maximum 600 mg daily in divided doses.100 101 106


Special Populations


Hepatic Impairment


No specific dosage recommendations for hepatic impairment.a b


Renal Impairment


No specific dosage recommendations for renal impairment.a b


Geriatric Patients


No specific geriatric dosage recommendations.a


Cautions for Benzonatate


Contraindications



  • Known hypersensitivity to the drug or related compounds.100



Warnings/Precautions


Sensitivity Reactions


Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and cardiovascular collapse, have been reported with benzonatate.100 101 102


Such reactions may have resulted from local anesthesia secondary to sucking or chewing the liquid-filled capsules rather than swallowing them whole.100 101


Severe reactions have required medical intervention with vasopressor therapy and supportive measures.100


Major Toxicities


Overdosage

Deliberate or accidental overdosage of benzonatate can result in CNS stimulation which may lead to restlessness, tremors, and seizures; profound CNS depression and death can follow.100 103 104 105


Dizziness,104 disorientation,103 drunken feeling,104 unresponsiveness,104 pulmonary congestion,104 ventricular tachycardia,103 cardiac arrest,103 and nausea104 also have been reported with overdosage.


General Precautions


Pending revision, the material in this section should be considered in light of more recently available information in the MedWatch notification at the beginning of this monograph.


CNS Effects

Rarely, bizarre behavior, including mental confusion and visual hallucinations, when used concomitantly with certain other drugs.100


Possibility that adverse CNS effects associated with other p-aminobenzoic acid-derivative local anesthetics (e.g., procaine, tetracaine) could occur with benzonatate should be considered.100


Specific Populations


Pregnancy

Category C.a


Lactation

Not known whether benzonatate is distributed into milk.100 Caution if used in nursing women.100


Pediatric Use

Pending revision, the material in this section should be considered in light of more recently available information in the MedWatch notification at the beginning of this monograph.


Risk of overdosage and toxicity (including death) in children <2 years of age receiving OTC preparations containing antihistamines, cough suppressants, expectorants, and nasal decongestants alone or in combination for relief of symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection.109 110 Limited evidence of efficacy for these preparations in this age group; appropriate dosages not established.109 Therefore, FDA recommends not to use such preparations in children <2 years of age; safety and efficacy in older children currently under evaluation. Because children 2–3 years of age also are at increased risk of overdosage and toxicity, some manufacturers of oral nonprescription cough and cold preparations recently agreed to voluntarily revise the product labeling to state that such preparations should not be used in children <4 years of age. During the transition period, some preparations on pharmacy shelves will have the new recommendation (“do not use in children <4 years of age”), while others will have the previous recommendation (“do not use in children <2 years of age”). FDA recommends that parents and caregivers adhere to dosage instructions and warnings on the product labeling that accompanies the preparation and consult a clinician about any concerns. Clinicians should ask caregivers about use of OTC cough/cold preparations to avoid overdosage.


Common Adverse Effects


Generally well tolerated when the liquid-filled capsules are swallowed intact.100 101 106


Adverse effects may include sedation, headache, mild dizziness, bizarre behavior (e.g., mental confusion, visual hallucinations), nasal congestion, nausea, GI upset, constipation, sensation of burning in the eyes, a vague “chilly” sensation, pruritus and skin eruptions, numbness in the chest, and hypersensitivity (e.g., bronchospasm, laryngospasm, cardiovascular collapse, possibly related to local anesthesia from chewing or sucking the liquid-filled capsules).100 103 106 (See Sensitivity Reactions under Cautions.)


Benzonatate Pharmacokinetics


Absorption


Onset


Usually within 15–20 minutes after swallowing capsules intact.100 103 104 106


Oropharyngeal anesthesia: Develops rapidly when applied locally (e.g., by chewing or dissolving the liquid-filled capsules in the mouth),100 101 102 104 107 with complete anesthesia occurring within about 1 minute.107


Duration


Approximately 3–8 hours following a single oral dose.100 101 103 104 106


Stability


Storage


Oral


Liquid-filled Capsules

Tight, light-resistant containers at 15–30°C.100


ActionsActions



  • Inhibits cough production by anesthetizing stretch receptors of vagal afferent fibers in the bronchi, alveoli, and pleura that mediate the cough reflex; also suppresses transmission of the cough reflex at the level of the medulla where the afferent impulse is transmitted to the motor nerves.b




  • Does not depress respiration at recommended dosages100 104 106 ; in patients with bronchial asthma, the drug has been reported to increase the rate and depth of respiration, minute volume, and vital capacity.b



Advice to Patients


Pending revision, the material in this section should be considered in light of more recently available information in the MedWatch notification at the beginning of this monograph.



  • Importance of warning patients using benzonatate as an antitussive to swallow the liquid-filled capsules whole without chewing or dissolving in the mouth because of risk of potentially life-threatening local anesthesia.b (See Oral Administration under Dosage and Administration and also Sensitivity Reactions under Cautions.)




  • Importance of informing clinicians of existing or contemplated concomitant therapy, including prescription and OTC drugs as well as any concomitant illnesses.




  • Importance of women informing clinicians if they are or plan to become pregnant or plan to breast-feed.100




  • Importance of informing patients of other important precautionary information.100 (See Cautions.)



Preparations


Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.


Pending revision, the material in this section should be considered in light of more recently available information in the MedWatch notification at the beginning of this monograph.


* available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, and/or repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name


















Benzonatate

Routes



Dosage Forms



Strengths



Brand Names



Manufacturer



Oral



Capsules, liquid-filled



100 mg*



Tessalon Perles (with parabens)



Forest



200 mg



Tessalon Capsules (with gelatin, glycerin, and parabens)



Forest


Comparative Pricing


This pricing information is subject to change at the sole discretion of DS Pharmacy. This pricing information was updated 03/2011. Actual costs to patients will vary depending on the use of specific retail or mail-order locations and health insurance copays.


Benzonatate 100MG Capsules (ASCEND LABORATORIES): 30/$19.99 or 60/$29.98


Benzonatate 200MG Capsules (ZYDUS PHARMACEUTICALS (USA)): 30/$33.99 or 90/$89.98


Tessalon Perles 100MG Capsules (PFIZER U.S.): 30/$49.99 or 90/$139.97



Disclaimer

This report on medications is for your information only, and is not considered individual patient advice. Because of the changing nature of drug information, please consult your physician or pharmacist about specific clinical use.


The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com represent that the information provided hereunder was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com make no representations or warranties, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose, with respect to such information and specifically disclaims all such warranties. Users are advised that decisions regarding drug therapy are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and the information is provided for informational purposes only. The entire monograph for a drug should be reviewed for a thorough understanding of the drug's actions, uses and side effects. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com do not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information is not a substitute for medical care.

AHFS Drug Information. © Copyright, 1959-2011, Selected Revisions January 2011. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 7272 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.


† Use is not currently included in the labeling approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.




References



100. Forest Pharmaceuticals. Tessalon (benzonatate) prescribing information (dated 1999 Aug). In: Physicians’ desk reference. 55th ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company Inc; 2001:1270.



101. Food and Drug Administration. Cold, cough, allergy, bronchodilator, and antiasthmatic drug products for over-the-counter human use; tentative final monograph for OTC antitussive drug products. Proposed rule. [21 CFR Part 341] Fed Regist. 1983; 48:48576-95. (lDIS 176844)



102. Food and Drug Administration. Cold, cough, allergy, bronchodilator, and antiasthmatic drug products for over-the-counter human use; tentative final monograph for OTC antitussive drug products. Final rule. [21 CFR Part 310,341,369] Fed Regist. 1987; 52:30042-7. (lDIS 232963)



103. Crouch BI, Knick KA, Crouch DJ et al. Benzonatate overdose associated with seizures and arrhythmias. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998; 36:713-8. [IDIS 420898] [PubMed 9865240]



104. Cohan JA, Conradi SE. Two fatalities resulting from Tessalon (benzonatate). Vet Human Toxicol. 1986; 28:543-4.



105. Sheen S, Osterhoudt K, Birenbaum D. Seizures in a toddler associated with benzonatate ingestion. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1997; 35:493.



106. Anon. Benzonatate. In: Osol A, Pratt R, eds. The United States dispensatory. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Company; 1973:187-8.



107. Mongan PD, Culling RD. Rapid oral anesthesia for awake intubation. J Clin Anesth. 1992; 4:101-5. [PubMed 1562332]



108. Doona M, Walsh D. Benzonatate for opioid-resistant cough in advanced cancer. Palliat Med. 1998; 12:55-8. [PubMed 9616460]



109. Srinivasan A, Budnitz D, Shehab N et al. Infant deaths associated with cough and cold medications—two states, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007; 56:1-4. [PubMed 17218934]



110. Food and Drug Administration. Cough and cold medications in children less than two years of age. Rockville, MD; 2007 Jan 12. From FDA website.



a. Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Tessalon (benzonatate, USP) prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL: 2000 Sep.



b. AHFS drug information 2004. McEvoy GK, ed. Benzonatate. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2004:2596.



pdh. Schilling McCann JA, Publisher. Pharmacists drug handbook. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins and American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2003.



HID. Trissel LA. Handbook on injectable drugs. 12th ed. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2003:175-80.



More Benzonatate resources


  • Benzonatate Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Benzonatate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Drug Images
  • Benzonatate Drug Interactions
  • Benzonatate Support Group
  • 42 Reviews for Benzonatate - Add your own review/rating


  • Benzonatate Prescribing Information (FDA)

  • Benzonatate MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Benzonatate Professional Patient Advice (Wolters Kluwer)

  • benzonatate Concise Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)

  • benzonatate Advanced Consumer (Micromedex) - Includes Dosage Information

  • Tessalon Prescribing Information (FDA)

  • Zonatuss Prescribing Information (FDA)



Compare Benzonatate with other medications


  • Cough

Wednesday, 21 December 2011

Flusolv




Flusolv may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Flusolv



Heparin

Heparin calcium salt (a derivative of Heparin) is reported as an ingredient of Flusolv in the following countries:


  • Italy

International Drug Name Search

Tuesday, 20 December 2011

Intenacin




Intenacin may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Intenacin



Indometacin

Indometacin is reported as an ingredient of Intenacin in the following countries:


  • Japan

International Drug Name Search

Wednesday, 14 December 2011

Ritalin LA


See also: Generic Ritalin, Generic Ritalin-SR


Ritalin LA is a brand name of methylphenidate, approved by the FDA in the following formulation(s):


RITALIN LA (methylphenidate hydrochloride - capsule, extended release; oral)



  • Manufacturer: NOVARTIS

    Approval date: June 5, 2002

    Strength(s): 20MG [AB], 30MG [AB], 40MG [RLD][AB]

Has a generic version of Ritalin LA been approved?


A generic version of Ritalin LA has been approved by the FDA. However, this does not mean that the product will necessarily be commercially available - possibly because of drug patents and/or drug exclusivity. The following products are equivalent to Ritalin LA and have been approved by the FDA:


methylphenidate hydrochloride capsule, extended release; oral



  • Manufacturer: ACTAVIS

    Approval date: December 1, 2011

    Strength(s): 20MG [AB], 30MG [AB], 40MG [AB]

Note: Fraudulent online pharmacies may attempt to sell an illegal generic version of Ritalin LA. These medications may be counterfeit and potentially unsafe. If you purchase medications online, be sure you are buying from a reputable and valid online pharmacy. Ask your health care provider for advice if you are unsure about the online purchase of any medication.

See also: About generic drugs.




Related Patents


Patents are granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office at any time during a drug's development and may include a wide range of claims.




  • Delivery of multiple doses of medications
    Patent 5,837,284
    Issued: November 17, 1998
    Inventor(s): Mehta; Atul M. & Zeitlin; Andrew L. & Dariani; Maghsoud M.
    Dosage forms for oral administration of a methylphenidate drug are provided. The dosage forms provide a substantially immediate dose of methylphenidate upon ingestion, followed by one or more additional doses at predetermined times. By providing such a drug release profile, the dosage forms eliminate the need for a patient to carry an additional dose for ingestion during the day. The dosage forms and methods provided are useful in administering methylphenidate and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which generally require one or more doses throughout the day.
    Patent expiration dates:

    • December 4, 2015
      ✓ 
      Drug product




  • Multiparticulate modified release composition
    Patent 6,228,398
    Issued: May 8, 2001
    Inventor(s): Devane; John G. & Stark; Paul & Fanning; Niall M. M.
    Assignee(s): Elan Corporation, PLC
    The invention relates to a multiparticulate modified release composition that in operation delivers an active ingredient in a pulsed or bimodal manner. The multiparticulate modified release composition comprises an immediate release component and a modified release component; the immediate release component comprising a first population of active ingredient containing particles and the modified release component compnsimg a second population of active ingredient containing particles coated with a controlled release coating; wherein the combination of the immediate release and modified release components in operation deliver the active ingredient in a pulsed or a bimodal manner. The invention also relates to a solid oral dosage form containing such a multiparticulate modified release composition. The plasma profile achieved by the multiparticulate modified release composition is advantageous in reducing patient tolerance to the active ingredient and in increasing patient compliance by reducing dosage frequency.
    Patent expiration dates:

    • November 1, 2019
      ✓ 
      Patent use: TREATMENT OF ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER USING METHYLPHENIDATE BI-MODAL RELEASE PROFILE EXTENDED-RELEASE CAPSULES
      ✓ 
      Drug product




  • Delivery of multiple doses of medications
    Patent 6,635,284
    Issued: October 21, 2003
    Inventor(s): Atul M.; Mehta & Andrew L.; Zeitlin & Maghsoud M.; Dariani
    Assignee(s): Celegene Corporation
    Dosage forms for oral administration of a methylphenidate drug are provided. The dosage forms provide a substantially immediate dose of methylphenidate upon ingestion, followed by one or more additional doses at predetermined times. By providing such a drug release profile, the dosage forms eliminate the need for a patient to carry an additional dose for ingestion during the day. The dosage forms and methods provided are useful in administering methylphenidate and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which generally require one or more doses throughout the day.
    Patent expiration dates:

    • December 4, 2015
      ✓ 
      Patent use: TREATMENT OF ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER USING A DOSAGE FORM WHICH PROVIDES ONCE-DAILY ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF A PHENIDATE DRUG
      ✓ 
      Drug product




  • Delivery of multiple doses of medications
    Patent 7,431,944
    Issued: October 7, 2008
    Inventor(s): Mehta; Atul M. & Zeitlin; Andrew L. & Dariani; Maghsoud M.
    Assignee(s): Celgene Corporation
    Dosage forms for oral administration of a methylphenidate drug are provided. The dosage forms provide a substantially immediate dose of methylphenidate upon ingestion, followed by one or more additional doses at predetermined times. By providing such a drug release profile, the dosage forms eliminate the need for a patient to carry an additional dose for ingestion during the day. The dosage forms and methods provided are useful in administering methylphenidate and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which generally require one or more doses throughout the day.
    Patent expiration dates:

    • December 4, 2015
      ✓ 
      Drug product



See also...

  • Ritalin LA Extended-Release Capsules Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Ritalin LA Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)
  • Ritalin LA Advanced Consumer Information (Micromedex)
  • Methylphenidate Consumer Information (Drugs.com)
  • Methylphenidate Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate Chewable Tablets Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate Controlled-Release Capsules Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate Controlled-Release Tablets Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate Extended-Release Capsules Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate Extended-Release Tablets Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate Solution Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate System Consumer Information (Wolters Kluwer)
  • Methylphenidate Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)
  • Methylphenidate transdermal Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)
  • Methylphenidate Oral, Transdermal Advanced Consumer Information (Micromedex)
  • Methylphenidate Transdermal Advanced Consumer Information (Micromedex)
  • Methylphenidate Hydrochloride AHFS DI Monographs (ASHP)

Seronip




Seronip may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Seronip



Sertraline

Sertraline hydrochloride (a derivative of Sertraline) is reported as an ingredient of Seronip in the following countries:


  • Brazil

International Drug Name Search

Clocortolone




Scheme

Rec.INN

ATC (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification)

D07AB21

CAS registry number (Chemical Abstracts Service)

0004828-27-7

Chemical Formula

C22-H28-Cl-F-O4

Molecular Weight

410

Therapeutic Categories

Dermatological agent

Adrenal cortex hormone, glucocorticoid

Chemical Names

9-Chloro-6α-fluoro-11ß,21-dihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione (WHO)

Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-chloro-6-fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-16-methyl-, (6α,11ß,16α)-

Foreign Names

  • Clocortolonum (Latin)
  • Clocortolon (German)
  • Clocortolone (French)
  • Clocortolona (Spanish)

Generic Names

  • Clocortolone (OS: DCF)
  • Clocortolon 21-hexanoat (IS)
  • Clocortolone Pivalate (OS: USAN)
  • Clocortolone trimethylacetate (IS)
  • SH 863 (IS)
  • Clocortolone Pivalate (PH: USP 32)

Brand Names

  • Kaban (Clocortolone and Clocortolone pivalate)
    Chiesi, Germany


  • Kabanimat (Clocortolone and Clocortolone pivalate)
    Chiesi, Germany


  • Cloderm
    Dow Pharmaceutical Sciences Inc., United States


  • Kaban (Clocortolone and Clocortolone caproate)
    Chiesi, Germany


  • Kabanimat (Clocortolone and Clocortolone caproate)
    Chiesi, Germany

International Drug Name Search

Glossary

DCFDénomination Commune Française
ISInofficial Synonym
OSOfficial Synonym
PHPharmacopoeia Name
Rec.INNRecommended International Nonproprietary Name (World Health Organization)
USANUnited States Adopted Name
WHOWorld Health Organization

Click for further information on drug naming conventions and International Nonproprietary Names.

Tuesday, 13 December 2011

Rinosedin




Rinosedin may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Rinosedin



Xylometazoline

Xylometazoline hydrochloride (a derivative of Xylometazoline) is reported as an ingredient of Rinosedin in the following countries:


  • Switzerland

International Drug Name Search

Monday, 12 December 2011

Cisplat




Cisplat may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Cisplat



Cisplatin

Cisplatin is reported as an ingredient of Cisplat in the following countries:


  • India

International Drug Name Search

Sunday, 11 December 2011

Nafacil




Nafacil may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Nafacil



Cefalexin

Cefalexin monohydrate (a derivative of Cefalexin) is reported as an ingredient of Nafacil in the following countries:


  • Mexico

International Drug Name Search

Friday, 9 December 2011

Dacarbacina




Dacarbacina may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Dacarbacina



Dacarbazine

Dacarbazine is reported as an ingredient of Dacarbacina in the following countries:


  • Chile

International Drug Name Search

Thursday, 8 December 2011

Eumacid




Eumacid may be available in the countries listed below.


In some countries, this medicine may only be approved for veterinary use.

Ingredient matches for Eumacid



Cloxacillin

Cloxacillin sodium salt (a derivative of Cloxacillin) is reported as an ingredient of Eumacid in the following countries:


  • Germany

International Drug Name Search

Wednesday, 7 December 2011

Naprogesic




Naprogesic may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Naprogesic



Naproxen

Naproxen sodium salt (a derivative of Naproxen) is reported as an ingredient of Naprogesic in the following countries:


  • Australia

  • Chile

  • New Zealand

International Drug Name Search

Thursday, 1 December 2011

Trikozol




Trikozol may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Trikozol



Metronidazole

Metronidazole is reported as an ingredient of Trikozol in the following countries:


  • Finland

International Drug Name Search